Mu bikorwa nko gukoresha laser ranging, identification target, na LiDAR, Er:Glass lasers zikoreshwa cyane bitewe n'umutekano wazo w'amaso no kudahungabana cyane. Mu bijyanye n'imiterere y'ibicuruzwa, zishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bibiri hashingiwe ku kuba zihuza imikorere yo kwagura urumuri: lasers zakuweho urumuri n'izidakuweho urumuri. Ubwo bwoko bubiri butandukanye cyane mu miterere, imikorere, no koroshya guhuza.
1. Laser Integrated Integrated ni iki?
Laser ihuriweho yagutse n'imirasire yerekeza kuri laser ikubiyemo ihuriro ry'urumuri rw'imirasire mu musaruro. Iyi miterere ihuza cyangwa yagura urumuri rw'imirasire rwa mbere rwari rutandukanye, ikanoza ingano y'aho urumuri ruherereye n'ikwirakwizwa ry'ingufu mu ntera ndende.
Ibintu by'ingenzi birimo:
- Umurabyo usohoka ufite ingano nto y'ahantu ku ntera ndende
- Imiterere ihuriweho ituma hatabaho gukenera ibikoresho byo kongera imirasire yo hanze
- Kongera uburyo bwo guhuza sisitemu no guhagarara neza muri rusange
2. Laser idakoresha imirasire yagutse ni iki?
Mu buryo bunyuranye, laser idakoresha urumuri idakoresha urumuri ntabwo irimo module y’imbere y’urumuri rw’imbere. Isohora urumuri rw’urumuri rw’imbere rutandukanye, kandi ikenera ibice by’urumuri byo hanze (nk’ibinini bya expanders cyangwa lenses za collimating) kugira ngo igenzure uburebure bw’urumuri rw’urumuri.
Ibintu by'ingenzi birimo:
- Igishushanyo mbonera cy'uburyo buto cyane, cyiza cyane ku bidukikije bifite umwanya muto
- Koroshya imikorere, bituma abakoresha bahitamo uburyo bwihariye bwo gushyiraho imiterere y'urumuri
- Igiciro gito, gikwiriye gukoreshwa aho imiterere y'umuraba ku ntera ndende idakomeye cyane
3. Kugereranya hagati y'ibyo bibiri
①Gutandukana kw'imirasire
Lazeri zivanze zikozwe mu buryo bwa "beam-expanded" zifite "beam-expanded" nto (ubusanzwe <1 mrad), mu gihe lazeri zitari "beam-expanded" zifite "beam-expanded" nyinshi (ubusanzwe 2–10 mrad).
②Imiterere y'ahantu hatanga urumuri
Imashini za laser zagutse zitanga imiterere y'ahantu hatandukanye kandi hadahinduka, mu gihe imashini za laser zitagutse zitanga imirabyo itandukanye cyane ifite ahantu hadahinduka mu ntera ndende.
③Byoroshye gushyiraho no gushyira ku murongo
Imashini za laser zagutse ziroroshye gushyiraho no kuzihuza kuko nta kintu cyongera urumuri cyo hanze gikenewe. Mu buryo bunyuranye, imashini za laser zitagutse zikenera ibindi bice by'urumuri kandi zigahuza ibintu mu buryo bugoye.
④Ikiguzi
Imashini za laser zikoresha imirasire y'amashanyarazi zihenze cyane, mu gihe imashini zitakoresha imirasire y'amashanyarazi zihendutse cyane.
⑤Ingano ya module
Moduli za laser zagutseho imirasire ni nini gato, mu gihe module zitagutseho imirasire ziba nto cyane.
4. Kugereranya Imiterere y'Ikoreshwa
①Imirasire ya Lazeri yagutse ikoresheje urumuri
- Sisitemu zo gupima urumuri rwa laser mu ntera ndende (urugero, >3 km): Urumuri rurakomeye cyane, ibyo bikaba byongera uburyo bwo kubona ibimenyetso by'ijwi.
- Sisitemu zo kugaragaza intego ya laser: Zisaba icyerekezo cy'ahantu nyacyo kandi gisobanutse neza mu ntera ndende.
- Imbuga za elegitoroniki zihujwe ku rwego rwo hejuru: Zisaba ko imiterere yazo ihamye kandi zihujwe ku rwego rwo hejuru.
②Lazeri idakoresha imirasire yagutse
- Moduli zo gushakisha ahantu hafatiwe mu ntoki: Zisaba ingano nto n'igishushanyo cyoroheje, akenshi zikoreshwa mu ntera ngufi (<500 m).
- UAV/Sisitemu zo kwirinda inzitizi za robo: Ibidukikije bifite imiterere y’ikirere bigira uruhare mu guhindura imirasire y’ikirere.
- Imishinga yo gukora ibintu byinshi ihenze: Nk'ibikoresho byo gushakisha ibikoresho bikoreshwa n'abaguzi hamwe na modules nto za LiDAR.
5. Nigute wahitamo laser ikwiye?
Mu gihe uhitamo laser ya Er: Ikirahure, turasaba abakoresha kuzirikana ibintu bikurikira:
①Intera yo gukoresha: Ku bikoresho birebire, moderi zagutse n'imirasire ni zo zikundwa; ku bikoresho bigufi, moderi zitagutse n'imirasire zishobora kuba zihagije.
②Uburyo bwo guhuza sisitemu: Niba ubushobozi bwo guhuza optique buri hasi, ibikoresho byashyizwemo byaguzwe n'imirasire birasabwa kugira ngo byoroshye gushyiraho.
③Ibisabwa ku buziranenge bw'umurabyo: Ku bipimo byo hejuru, laser zifite imirasire migufi zirasabwa.
④Ingano y'ibicuruzwa n'aho bigarukira: Kuri sisitemu nto, imiterere idakoresha imirasire myinshi ikunze kuba myiza kurushaho.
6. Umwanzuro
Nubwo laser za Er:Ikirahure zagutse n'izidakwirakwira zisangiye ikoranabuhanga rimwe ry'ibanze ryo gusohora imyuka, imiterere yazo itandukanye y'ingufu zitanga umusaruro utandukanye bituma habaho imikorere itandukanye no gukoresha neza. Gusobanukirwa ibyiza n'imigabane ya buri bwoko bifasha abakoresha guhitamo neza kandi neza ibishushanyo mbonera no kunoza imikorere n'ituze muri rusange bya sisitemu.
Isosiyete yacu imaze igihe kinini yiyeguriye ubushakashatsi n'iterambere no guhindura ibikoresho bya laser ya Er: Glass. Dutanga ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiterere y'amashanyarazi atangwa n'amashanyarazi n'atangwa n'amashanyarazi mu nzego zitandukanye z'ingufu. Twandikire kugira ngo ubone ibisobanuro birambuye bya tekiniki n'inama zo guhitamo zijyanye n'ibyo usaba.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 30 Nyakanga-2025