Uko ikoreshwa rya laser rikoresha imbaraga nyinshi rikomeza kwaguka, utubari twa laser diode twabaye ingenzi cyane mu nzego nko gupompa laser, gutunganya inganda, ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, n'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi. Bitewe n'ubucucike bwazo bwiza cyane, ubushobozi bwo kwaguka bwa modular, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo hejuru bwa electro-optical, ibi bikoresho biri mu shingiro rya sisitemu nyinshi za laser zigezweho. Nyamara mu bimenyetso byinshi by'imikorere ya laser diode bar, ikintu kimwe gikunze kwirengagizwa ariko ni ingenzi cyane: inguni y'itandukaniro. Iyi nkuru irasuzuma imiterere, inkomoko y'umubiri, n'ingaruka z'inguni y'itandukaniro mu tubari twa laser diode - n'uburyo igishushanyo mbonera cy'amatara gishobora kuyicunga neza.
1. Inguni yo Gutandukana ni iki?
Inguni yo gutandukana isobanura uburyo umurimbo wa laser ukwirakwira uko ukwirakwira mu mwanya wigenga. Igaragaza urwego umurimbo wagutse uva ku gice cy’ibyuka bisohora umwuka. Mu miyoboro ya laser diode, inguni yo gutandukana igaragaza ubusumbane bukomeye mu byerekezo bibiri by’ingenzi:
Umurongo wihuta: Ugororotse ku buso bw'umugozi. Agace k'ibyuka bihumanya ni gato cyane (ubusanzwe ni 1–2 µm), bigatuma inguni nini zitandukana, akenshi ni 30°–45° cyangwa zirenga.
Umurongo ugenda buhoro: Ujyanye n'uburebure bw'umugozi. Agace k'ibyuka bihumanya ni kanini cyane (amagana ya mikoroni), bigatuma inguni nto zitandukana, akenshi hafi ya 5°–15°.
Uku gutandukana kutagira ingano ni ikibazo gikomeye mu miterere y’imikorere y’uburyo bwo guhuza sisitemu hifashishijwe utubari twa laser diode.
2. Inkomoko y'Ubutandukanye mu Bidukikije
Inguni yo gutandukana igenwa ahanini n'imiterere y'umuraba n'ingano y'igice cy'ibyuka:
Mu murongo w’ingufu, agace k’ibyuka bihumanya ni gato cyane. Dukurikije inyigisho y’ihindagurika ry’ikirere, utwobo duto dutuma habaho gutandukana gukomeye.
Mu murongo ugenda buhoro, imirabyo irakura ku burebure bw'umurongo unyura mu bice byinshi bitanga urumuri, bigatuma inguni itandukana iba nto.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, utubari twa laser diode tugaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu murongo w’ingufu n’itandukaniro rito mu murongo w’ingufu ugenda buhoro.
3. Uburyo Inguni Itandukanye Igira Ingaruka ku Miterere ya Sisitemu
① Igiciro Gihanitse cyo Gutunganya no Gushushanya Imirasire
Bitewe n’uko urumuri rudahinduka cyane, hagomba gukoreshwa optique ya FAC (Fast Axis Collimation) na SAC (Slow Axis Collimation). Ibi byongera imiterere y’imikorere ya sisitemu kandi bigasaba uburyo bwo kuyishyiraho neza no kudahungabana k’ubushyuhe.
② Imikorere myiza ya Fibre Coupling
Iyo uhuza imiyoboro ya laser mu migozi myinshi, sisitemu z'amatara, cyangwa lenzi za aspheric, gutandukana gukomeye kw'umurongo w'ingufu bishobora gutuma urumuri "rusohoka", bigabanya imikorere yo guhuza. Gutandukana ni isoko ikomeye y'igihombo cy'amatara.
③ Ubwiza bw'umurabyo mu gukusanya module
Mu buryo bwo gushyiramo imiyoboro myinshi, gutandukana gucungwa nabi bishobora gutera guhurirana kw'imirasire idahuye cyangwa kugoreka kwa kure, bigira ingaruka ku buryo bunoze bwo gucengera no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.
4. Uburyo bwo kugenzura no kunoza itandukaniro rya Laser Diode Bars
Nubwo gutandukana ahanini bigenwa n'imiterere y'igikoresho, ingamba nyinshi zo ku rwego rwa sisitemu zishobora gukoreshwa mu kunoza:
①Gukoresha Lense za FAC
Gushyira lenzi ya collimation ikora ku murongo wihuse hafi y'agace gasohora urumuri bigabanya urumuri kandi bigagabanya itandukaniro mu murongo wihuse—ibi ni ingenzi mu miterere myinshi.
②Lense za SAC zo kongera ishusho
Nubwo itandukaniro ry’umurongo ugenda buhoro ari rito, imiterere iracyakenewe mu miterere cyangwa mu masoko y’urumuri rw’umurongo kugira ngo haboneke umusaruro uhuye.
③Igishushanyo mbonera cyo guhuza imirasire n'uburyo bwo gushushanya amashusho
Gukoresha imirasire ya micro-lens, lenses zizunguruka, cyangwa optique yubatswe bishobora gufasha mu kurema imirasire myinshi ya laser ikabyara urumuri rwinshi kandi rungana.
④Gutunganya Waveguide ku rwego rw'igikoresho
Guhindura ubugari bw'urwego rukora, imiterere y'umurongo w'amashanyarazi, n'imiterere y'urukuta bishobora kunoza itandukaniro ry'umurongo w'amashanyarazi wihuta uturutse ku rwego rwa chip.
5. Kugenzura itandukaniro mu bikorwa bifatika
①Isoko rya pompe ya laser
Muri sisitemu ya laser ifite imbaraga nyinshi cyangwa fibre, imiyoboro ya laser diode ikora nk'isoko y'ipompo. Kugenzura itandukaniro—cyane cyane mu gice cy'umurongo wihuta—binongera imikorere myiza yo guhuza no gushyira urumuri ku murongo.
②Ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi
Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe laser no gukuraho umusatsi, guhangana n'uburyo butandukanye bitanga ingufu zihagije kandi bikanatanga ubuvuzi butekanye kandi bufite akamaro.
③Gutunganya ibikoresho by'inganda
Mu gusudira no gukata hakoreshejwe laser, gutandukanya neza bigira uruhare mu kongera imbaraga, kwibanda neza, no gutunganya neza kandi neza.
6. Umwanzuro
Inguni y'itandukaniro ry'umurongo wa diode ya laser ni ahantu h'ingenzi ho guhindura—kuva kuri fiziki ya chip ya micro-scale kugeza kuri sisitemu ya macro-scale optical.
Ikora nk'ikimenyetso cy'ubwiza bw'imirasire ndetse n'umupaka w'igishushanyo mbonera cyo guhuza. Uko ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa n'ubuhanga bwa sisitemu bikomeza kwiyongera, gusobanukirwa no kugenzura itandukaniro biba ubushobozi bw'ingenzi ku bakora laser n'abayihuza - cyane cyane mu gutera imbere bagana ku mbaraga zo hejuru, urumuri, no kwizerwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-14-2025