Amakuru - Sensor ya dTOF: Ihame ry'imikorere n'ibice by'ingenzi.

Iyandikishe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zacu kugira ngo ubone ubutumwa bwihuse

Ikoranabuhanga rya dTOF (Direct Time-of-Glight) ni uburyo bushya bwo gupima neza igihe cy'urumuri ruguruka, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa Time Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC). Iri koranabuhanga ni ingenzi mu bikorwa bitandukanye, kuva ku kumenya hafi y'aho ruguruka mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga kugeza kuri sisitemu za LiDAR zigezweho mu bikorwa by'imodoka. Mu by'ingenzi, sisitemu za dTOF zigizwe n'ibice byinshi by'ingenzi, buri kimwe kikagira uruhare runini mu gupima intera neza.

Ibice by'ingenzi bya sisitemu za dTOF

Umushoferi wa Laser na Laser

Umushoferi wa laser, igice cy'ingenzi cy'urusobe rw'amajwi, akora ibimenyetso bya digitale byo kugenzura imyuka ya laser binyuze mu guhinduranya MOSFET.Laser zisohora ubuso buhagaze(VCSELs), zikundwa cyane kubera spectrum yazo nto, ingufu nyinshi, ubushobozi bwo guhinduranya imiterere y’amashanyarazi vuba, no koroshya guhuza. Bitewe n’uko ikoreshwa, uburebure bw’umurambararo bwa 850nm cyangwa 940nm butoranywa kugira ngo buhuze hagati y’ingufu zo gufata imirasire y’izuba n’ubushobozi bwa sensor quantum.

Kohereza no Kwakira Indangagaciro z'Itara

Ku ruhande rwo kohereza amakuru, lensi yoroshye y'urumuri cyangwa uruvange rw'amalensi ya collimating na Diffractive Optical Elements (DOEs) biyobora urumuri rwa laser mu gice cy'ishusho wifuza. Ikira urumuri, kigamije gukusanya urumuri mu gice cy'ishusho wifuza, cyungukira kuri lensi zifite imibare ya F iri hasi n'urumuri rwinshi, hamwe n'amafiltre ya narrowband kugira ngo hakurweho ingaruka z'urumuri rudasanzwe.

Sensoreri za SPAD na SiPM

Diode ya Avalanche ya fotoni imwe (SPAD) na Silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) ni byo by’ingenzi muri sisitemu za dTOF. SPAD zitandukaniye ku bushobozi bwazo bwo gusubiza fotoni imwe, bigatuma habaho umuvuduko ukomeye w’avalanche hamwe na fotoni imwe gusa, bigatuma ziba nziza cyane mu gupima neza. Ariko, ingano yazo nini ya pixel ugereranije na sensor za CMOS zisanzwe zigabanya ubushobozi bwa sisitemu za dTOF.

Sensor ya CMOS ugereranije na Sensor ya SPAD

Umuhinduzi w'igihe kijya kuri dijitali (TDC)

Urubuga rwa TDC ruhindura ibimenyetso bya analog mu bimenyetso bya digitale bigaragazwa n'igihe, bigafata igihe nyacyo buri pulse ya photon yanditswe. Uku kuri ni ingenzi cyane mu kumenya aho ikintu kigenewe giherereye hashingiwe kuri histogram y'imivuduko yafashwe.

Gusuzuma Ibipimo by'Imikorere ya dTOF

Ingano yo Gutahura n'Uburyo bwo Kumenya

Ingano yo kumenya ya sisitemu ya dTOF mu buryo bw’inyigo iragera kure cyane uko urumuri rwayo rushobora kugenda kandi rukagaruka kuri sensor, igaragazwa neza n’urusaku. Ku bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bikoreshwa n’abaguzi, akenshi biba biri hagati ya metero 5, hakoreshejwe VCSEL, mu gihe porogaramu z’imodoka zishobora gusaba intera yo kumenya ya metero 100 cyangwa zirenga, bigasaba ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye nka EEL cyangwalaser za fibre.

kanda hano kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri icyo gicuruzwa

Intera ntarengwa idasobanutse neza

Intera ntarengwa idafite imiterere idasobanutse neza iterwa n'intera iri hagati y'imivuduko isohoka n'umuvuduko wa laser. Urugero, hamwe n'umuvuduko wa modulation wa 1MHz, intera idasobanutse ishobora kugera kuri metero 150.

Uburyo bwo gukora neza no gukora amakosa

Ubuhanga mu mikorere ya sisitemu ya dTOF buterwa n'ubugari bw'umuvuduko w'ijwi rya laser, mu gihe amakosa ashobora guterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye bitazwi neza mu bice, harimo n'umushoferi wa laser, igisubizo cya sensor ya SPAD, n'ubuhanga bwa TDC. Ingamba nko gukoresha SPAD y'icyitegererezo zishobora gufasha kugabanya aya makosa binyuze mu gushyiraho ishingiro ry'igihe n'intera.

Urwamo n'urusaku n'ingaruka mbi

Sisitemu za dTOF zigomba guhangana n'urusaku rw'inyuma, cyane cyane mu duce tw'urumuri rwinshi. Ubuhanga nko gukoresha pikseli nyinshi za SPAD zifite urwego rutandukanye rwo kugabanya urumuri bushobora gufasha guhangana n'iki kibazo. Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwa dTOF bwo gutandukanya hagati y'urumuri rugaragara mu buryo butaziguye n'urumuri rwinshi butuma rukomera mu guhangana n'urusaku.

Uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo cy'ahantu n'ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi

Iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rya sensor ya SPAD, nko kuva ku imurika ry’imbere (FSI) kugera ku imurika ry’inyuma (BSI), byazamuye cyane igipimo cyo kwinjiza fotoni no gukoresha neza sensor. Iri terambere, hamwe n’uburyo sisitemu za dTOF zikoresha pulse, bituma ingufu zikoreshwa mu buryo buke ugereranije na sisitemu zihoraho nka iTOF.

Ahazaza h'ikoranabuhanga rya dTOF

Nubwo hari imbogamizi nyinshi mu bya tekiniki n'ibiciro bijyana n'ikoranabuhanga rya dTOF, ibyiza byaryo mu gukora neza, urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga, no gukoresha neza ingufu bituma riba umukandida mwiza mu bikorwa by'ejo hazaza mu nzego zitandukanye. Uko ikoranabuhanga rya sensor n'imiterere y'uruziga rw'amashanyarazi bikomeje gutera imbere, sisitemu za dTOF ziteguye gukoreshwa mu buryo bwagutse, zigatera imbere udushya mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, umutekano w'imodoka, n'ibindi.

Kuva ku rubuga rwa interineti02.02 TOF 系统第二章 dTOF 系统 - aster Byihuta kuruta urumuri (byihuse-umucyo.net)
byanditswe n'umwanditsi: Chao Guang

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