Muri sisitemu ya optique nka laser range, LiDAR, no kumenyekanisha intego, Er: Ikirahure cya lazeri ikoreshwa cyane mubisirikare ndetse nabasivili kubera umutekano wamaso yabo kandi byizewe cyane. Usibye imbaraga za pulse, igipimo cyo gusubiramo (frequency) nikintu cyingenzi mugusuzuma imikorere. Ifata laser's igisubizo cyihuta, ubwinshi bwamakuru, kandi bifitanye isano rya hafi nogucunga amashyuza, gushushanya amashanyarazi, hamwe na sisitemu ihamye.
1. Inshuro ya Laser ni ubuhe?
Umuyoboro wa Laser bivuga umubare wa pulses zasohotse kuri buri gihe, mubisanzwe bipimirwa muri hertz (Hz) cyangwa kilohertz (kHz). Bizwi kandi nkigipimo cyo gusubiramo, nikintu cyingenzi cyerekana imikorere ya pulseri.
Kurugero: 1 Hz = 1 laser pulse kumasegonda, 10 kHz = 10,000 laser pulses kumasegonda. Byinshi muri Er: Ikirahuri gikora muburyo bwa pulsed, kandi inshuro zabo zifitanye isano rya hafi nibisohoka, sisitemu y'icyitegererezo, hamwe no gutunganya echo.
2. Urutonde rusanzwe rwa Er: Ikirahure
Ukurikije laser's Igishushanyo mbonera hamwe nibisabwa, Er: Ikirahure cya laser kirashobora gukora kuva muburyo bumwe (nka Hz 1) kugeza kuri kilohertz (kHz). Umuyoboro mwinshi ushyigikira gusikana byihuse, guhora ukurikirana, no kubona amakuru yuzuye, ariko kandi birasaba cyane cyane gukoresha amashanyarazi, gucunga amashyuza, hamwe nubuzima bwa laser.
3. Ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku gipimo cyo gusubiramo
①Inkomoko ya pompe nigishushanyo mbonera cyo gutanga amashanyarazi
Laser diode (LD) isoko ya pompe igomba gushyigikira modulasi yihuta kandi igatanga imbaraga zihamye. Imbaraga zingufu zigomba kuba zishubije cyane kandi zikora neza kugirango zikemurwe kenshi kuri / kuzenguruka.
②Gucunga Ubushyuhe
Iyo inshuro nyinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi butangwa mugihe cyumwanya. Ubushyuhe bukwiye, kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa TEC, cyangwa gukonjesha mikorobe bifasha kugumana umusaruro uhamye no kongera ubuzima bwibikoresho bya serivisi.
③Q-Guhindura Uburyo
Guhindura Q-guhinduranya (urugero, ukoresheje Cr: YAG kristu) mubisanzwe bikwiranye na lazeri nkeya, mugihe Q-ihindura (urugero, hamwe na acousto-optique cyangwa moderi ya electro-optique nka selile ya Pockels) ituma imikorere yumurongo mwinshi hamwe na progaramu igenzurwa na programme.
④Igishushanyo mbonera
Igishushanyo mbonera, gikoresha ingufu za laser umutwe cyemeza ko ingufu za pulse zibungabungwa no kumurongo mwinshi.
4. Ibyifuzo byo guhuza inshuro hamwe no gusaba
Porogaramu zitandukanye zisaba inshuro zitandukanye zo gukora. Guhitamo igipimo cyiza cyo gusubiramo ningirakamaro kugirango tumenye neza imikorere. Hano haribibazo bisanzwe bikoreshwa hamwe nibyifuzo:
①Umuvuduko muke, Uburyo bukomeye (1)-20 Hz)
Nibyiza kumurongo muremure wa laser uringaniye no kugena intego, aho kwinjira no gukomera kwingirakamaro.
②Umuvuduko Hagati, Uburyo bwo Hagati (50)-500 Hz)
Bikwiranye ninganda zingana, kugendagenda, hamwe na sisitemu hamwe nibisabwa byinshyi.
③Umuvuduko mwinshi, Ingufu nkeya (> 1 kHz)
Ibyiza bikwiranye na sisitemu ya LiDAR irimo gusikana umurongo, kwerekana igicu, no kwerekana 3D.
5. Inzira zikoranabuhanga
Mugihe guhuza laser bikomeje gutera imbere, igisekuru kizaza cya Er: Ikwirakwiza ry'ikirahure rya laser rigenda ryiyongera mubyerekezo bikurikira:
①Gukomatanya ibipimo byo gusubiramo hamwe nibisohoka bihamye
②Gutwara ubwenge hamwe no kugenzura inshuro nyinshi
③Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukoresha imbaraga nke
④Ibiri-kugenzura ibyubatswe byombi inshuro nyinshi nimbaraga, bigahindura uburyo bworoshye bwo guhinduranya (urugero, gusikana / kwibanda / gukurikirana)
6. Umwanzuro
Gukoresha inshuro nyinshi nibintu byingenzi mugushushanya no guhitamo Er: Ikirahure cya laser. Ntabwo igena gusa imikorere yo kubona amakuru no gutanga ibitekerezo kuri sisitemu ahubwo inagira ingaruka ku micungire yubushyuhe nubuzima bwa laser. Kubateza imbere, gusobanukirwa uburinganire hagati yinshuro nimbaraga-no guhitamo ibipimo bihuye na porogaramu yihariye-ni urufunguzo rwo guhindura imikorere ya sisitemu.
Wumve neza ko waduhamagara kugirango umenye byinshi kubyerekeranye na Er: Ibirahuri bya laser byohereza ibicuruzwa hamwe numurongo utandukanye. Twebwe're hano kugirango igufashe guhaza ibyifuzo byawe byumwuga murwego, LiDAR, kugendagenda, hamwe na porogaramu zo kwirwanaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-05-2025