Laser rangefinders, LiDARs, nibindi bikoresho bikoreshwa cyane munganda zigezweho, ubushakashatsi, gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Nyamara, abakoresha benshi babona gutandukana gukomeye mugihe bakorera mumurima, cyane cyane mugihe bakorana nibintu byamabara cyangwa ibikoresho bitandukanye. Intandaro yaya makosa akenshi afitanye isano rya bugufi nintego yo kwerekana. Iyi ngingo izasesengura ingaruka zo gutekereza ku gupima intera no gutanga ingamba zifatika zo guhitamo intego.
1. Kuzirikana ni iki kandi ni ukubera iki bigira ingaruka ku gupima intera?
Kugaragaza bivuga ubushobozi bwubuso bwo kwerekana urumuri rwibyabaye, mubisanzwe bigaragazwa nkijanisha (urugero, urukuta rwera rugaragaza hafi 80%, mugihe reberi yumukara ifite 5% gusa). Ibikoresho byo gupima Laser bigena intera mukubara itandukaniro ryigihe hagati yumucyo wasohotse kandi ugaragara (ukoresheje ihame ryigihe-cy-indege). Niba intego yibitekerezo iri hasi cyane, irashobora kuganisha kuri:
- Intege nke Zikimenyetso: Niba urumuri rugaragara rufite intege nke, igikoresho ntigishobora gufata ikimenyetso cyemewe.
- Kwiyongera kw'ikosa ryo gupimwa: Hamwe n'urusaku rwinshi rwivanga, ubusobanuro buragabanuka.
- Igipimo kigufi cyo gupima: Intera ntarengwa irashobora kugabanuka hejuru ya 50%.
2. Gutekereza neza hamwe ningamba zo guhitamo intego
Ukurikije ibiranga ibikoresho bisanzwe, intego zirashobora gushyirwa mubyiciro bitatu bikurikira:
Targets Intego Zigaragaza cyane (> 50%)
- Ibikoresho bisanzwe: Hejuru yicyuma, indorerwamo, ububumbyi bwera, beto yamabara
- Ibyiza: Kugarura ibimenyetso bikomeye, bikwiranye nintera ndende (hejuru ya 500m) ibipimo-byuzuye
- Ikoreshwa rya Porogaramu: Gukora ubushakashatsi ku nyubako, kugenzura umurongo w'amashanyarazi, gusikana drone
- Icyitonderwa: Irinde hejuru yindorerwamo zishobora kuganisha ku bitekerezo byihariye (bishobora gutera kudahuza neza).
Targets Intego yo Kugereranya Hagati (20% -50%)
- Ibikoresho bisanzwe: Umuhanda, umuhanda wa asfalt, inkuta zamatafari yijimye, ibiti byatsi
- Ingamba zo guhangana:
Gabanya intera yo gupima (bisabwa <200m).
Gushoboza igikoresho cyo hejuru cyane.
Hitamo matte (urugero, ibikoresho bikonje).
Targets Intego nke zo Kugaragaza (<20%)
- Ibikoresho bisanzwe: reberi yumukara, ibirundo byamakara, imyenda yijimye, imibiri yamazi
- Ingaruka: Ibimenyetso birashobora gutakara cyangwa kubabazwa namakosa yo gusimbuka.
- Ibisubizo:
Koresha intego ya retro-yerekana (ikibaho cyerekana).
Hindura ingero ya laser kugeza munsi ya 45 ° (kugirango uzamure diffuse).
Hitamo ibikoresho bikoresha kumurongo wa 905nm cyangwa 1550nm (kugirango byinjire neza).
3. Ingamba zidasanzwe
Me Igipimo cyerekana intego (urugero, ibinyabiziga bigenda):
- Shyira imbere ibyapa byibinyabiziga (ahantu hagaragara cyane) cyangwa imibiri yimodoka ifite ibara ryoroshye.
- Koresha tekinoroji yo kumenyekanisha echo nyinshi (gushungura imvura nimbogamizi yibicu).
Treatment Kuvura Ubuso bukomeye:
- Kubyuma bifite ibara ryijimye, koresha matte (ishobora kuzamura imitekerereze ya 30%).
- Shyiramo akayunguruzo imbere yurukuta rwikirahure (kugirango uhagarike imitekerereze idasanzwe).
Ens Indishyi zibangamira ibidukikije:
- Gushoboza urumuri rwumucyo algorithms mumucyo urumuri.
- Mu mvura cyangwa shelegi, koresha tekinoroji ya pulse intera (PIM).
4. Ibikoresho Parameter Guhuza Amabwiriza
- Guhindura Imbaraga: Ongera imbaraga za laser kumigambi yo kutagaragaza neza (reba kubahiriza imipaka yumutekano wamaso).
- Kwakira Aperture: Ongera diameter ya lens yakira (kuri buri gukuba kabiri, ibimenyetso byiyongera inshuro enye).
- Gushiraho imipaka: Hindura muburyo bwerekana ibimenyetso byerekana imbarutso (kugirango wirinde gukurura ibinyoma kubera urusaku).
5. Ibihe bizaza: Ikorana buhanga ryubwenge
Sisitemu yo gupima intera ikurikiraho itangiye guhuza:
- Kugenzura Kunguka Kumenyekanisha (AGC): Guhindura-igihe nyacyo cyo gufotora.
- Kumenyekanisha Ibikoresho AI Algorithms: Guhuza ubwoko bwibintu ukoresheje echo ya flake.
- Multispectral Fusion: Guhuza urumuri rugaragara hamwe namakuru ya infragre kugirango ubashe guca urubanza rwuzuye.
Umwanzuro
Kumenya ibiranga kwigaragaza nubuhanga bwibanze bwo kunoza ibipimo. Muguhitamo muburyo bwa siyansi intego no kugena ibikoresho neza, ndetse no muri ultra-hasi yerekana ibintu (munsi ya 10%), ibipimo bya milimetero kurwego birashobora kugerwaho. Mugihe tekinoroji yindishyi zubwenge zitezimbere, sisitemu yo gupima izaza ihuza "ubwenge" nibidukikije bigoye. Ariko, gusobanukirwa amahame shingiro yo gutekereza bizahora ari ubuhanga bwingenzi kubashakashatsi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-04-2025