Iyandikishe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zacu kugira ngo ubone ubutumwa bwihuse
Mu gihe cy'iterambere rikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga, sisitemu zo gutwara ibintu zabaye inkingi z'ibanze, zitera imbere cyane cyane mu nzego z'ingenzi cyane. Urugendo kuva ku ikoranabuhanga risanzwe ryo gutwara ibintu mu kirere kugeza kuri sisitemu zigezweho zo gutwara ibintu mu kirere (INS) rugaragaza imbaraga abantu bakora mu bushakashatsi no kumenya neza ibintu neza. Iri sesengura ryimbitse mu buryo buhambaye bwa INS, rigasuzuma ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya Fiber Optic Gyroscopes (FOGs) n'uruhare rw'ingenzi rwa Polarization mu kubungabunga Fiber Loops.
Igice cya 1: Gusesengura sisitemu zo kugenzura ibintu bidafite ingufu (INS):
Sisitemu zo Kugenda mu Muhanda zitagira Impagarara (INS) zigaragaza uburyo bwo kuyobora imodoka mu buryo bwigenga, zigapima neza aho imodoka iherereye, aho iherereye, n'umuvuduko wayo, zititaye ku bimenyetso byo hanze. Izi sisitemu zihuza uburyo imodoka igenda n'aho izenguruka, zigahuza neza na moderi zo kubara kugira ngo zibone umuvuduko, aho iherereye, n'aho iherereye.
INS ya archetypal ikubiyemo ibice bitatu by'ingenzi:
· Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'imodoka: Ibi bintu by'ingenzi byereka umuvuduko w'imodoka mu buryo bugororotse, bigahindura imigendere yayo mu makuru apimwe.
· Gyroscope: Ifite akamaro ko kumenya umuvuduko w'inguni, ibi bice ni ingenzi cyane mu kwerekeza sisitemu.
· Module ya mudasobwa: Ihuriro ry'imitsi rya INS, ritunganya amakuru menshi kugira ngo ritange isesengura ry'imiterere y'ibintu mu gihe nyacyo.
Ubudahangarwa bwa INS ku bibazo byo hanze butuma ari ingenzi cyane mu nzego z’ubwirinzi. Ariko, ihangana n’ 'drift' - igabanuka ry’ubuziranenge buhoro buhoro, bigasaba ibisubizo bigezweho nko guhuza sensor kugira ngo hagabanuke amakosa (Chatfield, 1997).
Igice cya 2. Imikorere ya Gyroscope ya Fiber Optic:
Gyroscopes za Fiber Optic (FOGs) zigaragaza igihe cy’impinduka mu kumenya ibintu bizenguruka, zikoresha uburyo urumuri rubangamira. Kubera ko ari ingenzi cyane, FOGs ni ingenzi mu gutuma ibinyabiziga byo mu kirere bihora bihagaze neza kandi bikagenda neza.
Ibihu bikora ku ngaruka za Sagnac, aho urumuri, runyura mu cyerekezo gitandukanye muri fibre coil izenguruka, rugaragaza impinduka mu cyiciro zijyanye n'impinduka mu muvuduko wo kuzenguruka. Ubu buryo bugizwe n'imiterere y'umuvuduko w'inguni butuma habaho ibipimo nyabyo by'umuvuduko w'inguni.
Ibice by'ingenzi bigize:
· Isoko y'urumuri: Aho rutangiriye, ubusanzwe hakoreshejwe lazeri, hatangira urugendo rw'urumuri ruhamye.
· Fiber Coil: Umuyoboro w'urumuri uzungurutse, wongera uburebure bw'inzira y'urumuri, bityo wongera ingaruka za Sagnac.
· Igikoresho cyo gupima urumuri: Iki gice kimenya imiterere y'urumuri igoye.
Igice cya 3: Akamaro ko kubungabunga imiyoboro ya fibre mu gufungana:
Imirongo ya Fiber yo kubungabunga Polarization (PM), ikoreshwa cyane muri FOGs, yizeza imiterere imwe ya polarization y'urumuri, ikaba ari ingenzi mu kugaragaza neza imiterere y'urumuri. Iyi migozi yihariye, irwanya ikwirakwira ry'uburyo bwa polarization, yongera ubushobozi bwo kumenya FOG no kwemeza amakuru (Kersey, 1996).
Guhitamo imigozi ya PM, bigenwa n'ibikenewe mu mikorere, imiterere y'umubiri, n'ubwumvikane bw'imikorere, bigira ingaruka ku bipimo rusange by'imikorere.
Igice cya 4: Ikoreshwa n'ibimenyetso by'ubuhamya:
FOG na INS bibona isano mu bikorwa bitandukanye, kuva ku gutegura inzira zo mu kirere zitagira abapilote kugeza ku kurinda umutekano wa sinema mu gihe ibidukikije bitazwi neza. Igihamya cy'uko zizewe ni uko zoherejwe muri Mars Rovers za NASA, bikorohereza ingendo zo hanze y'isi mu buryo butekanye (Maimone, Cheng, na Matthies, 2007).
Inzira z'isoko zigaragaza ko iri koranabuhanga rigiye kwiyongera cyane, aho ubushakashatsi bugamije kongera imbaraga mu mikorere ya sisitemu, uburyo bwo gukora neza, no guhindura imiterere y'imikorere (MarketsandMarkets, 2020).
Gyroscope ya laser y'impeta
Igishushanyo mbonera cya fibre-optic-gyroscope gishingiye ku ngaruka za sagnac
Amareferensi:
- Chatfield, AB, 1997.Ingingo z'ibanze zo gukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura ibintu mu buryo butaziguye neza cyane.Iterambere mu by'ikirere n'ubumenyi bw'ikirere, Umubumbe wa 174. Reston, VA: Ikigo cy'Abanyamerika cy'ubumenyi bw'ikirere n'ubumenyi bw'ikirere.
- Kersey, AD, n'abandi, 1996. "Fiber Optic Gyros: Imyaka 20 y'Iterambere ry'Ikoranabuhanga," muriIbyavuye mu rubanza bya IEEE,84 (12), pp. 1830-1834.
- Maimone, MW, Cheng, Y., na Matthies, L., 2007. "Ishusho ya Odometry kuri Mars Exploration Rovers - Igikoresho cyo Kwemeza ko gutwara imodoka no gufata amashusho neza,"Ikinyamakuru cya IEEE Robotics & Automation,14 (2), pp. 54-62.
- MarketsandMarkets, 2020. "Isoko rya Sisitemu yo Kuyobora Inzira Ishingiye ku Gipimo, Ikoranabuhanga, Porogaramu, Ibice, n'Akarere - Iteganyagihe Mpuzamahanga kugeza mu 2025."
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Igihe cyo kohereza: 18 Ukwakira 2023