Kwiyandikisha Mubitangazamakuru Byacu Kubyihuta
Laser, ibuye rikomeza imfuruka yubuhanga bugezweho, irashimishije nkuko bigoye. Ku mutima wabo hari simfoni yibigize ikorera hamwe kugirango itange urumuri rwuzuye, rwongerewe. Iyi blog icengeye muburyo bukomeye bwibi bice, ishyigikiwe namahame ya siyansi nuburinganire, kugirango itange ubumenyi bwimbitse bwikoranabuhanga rya laser.
Ubushishozi buhanitse mubice bya Laser Sisitemu: Icyerekezo cya tekiniki kubanyamwuga
| Ibigize | Imikorere | Ingero |
| Wunguke Hagati | Inyungu igereranya nibikoresho biri muri laser ikoreshwa mugukomeza urumuri. Yorohereza urumuri rwinshi binyuze muburyo bwo guhinduranya abaturage no kubyuka bihumanya ikirere. Guhitamo inyungu igena imirasire ya laser. | Ibikoresho bikomeye: urugero, Nd: YAG (Neodymium-yuzuye Yttrium Aluminium Garnet), ikoreshwa mubuvuzi n'inganda.Lazeri: urugero, lazeri ya CO2, ikoreshwa mugukata no gusudira.Amashanyarazi:urugero, diode ya laser, ikoreshwa mugutumanaho kwa fibre optique hamwe na laser pointers. |
| Inkomoko yo kuvoma | Inkomoko yo kuvoma itanga ingufu muburyo bwo kunguka kugirango igere ku ihindagurika ryabaturage (isoko yingufu zo guhinduranya abaturage), ituma lazeri ikora. | Kuvoma neza: Gukoresha urumuri rwinshi nka flashlamps kugirango uvomere-lazeri ikomeye.Amashanyarazi: Gushimisha gaze muri laseri ya gaze binyuze mumashanyarazi.Amashanyarazi: Gukoresha diode ya laser kugirango uvomye ibintu bikomeye-bya laser. |
| Ubuvumo bwiza | Umuyoboro wa optique, ugizwe nindorerwamo ebyiri, werekana urumuri kugirango wongere inzira yumucyo murwego rwo kunguka, bityo bizamura urumuri. Itanga uburyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo kuri laser amplification, guhitamo ibintu biranga urumuri. | Umuyoboro-Umubumbe: Ikoreshwa mubushakashatsi bwa laboratoire, imiterere yoroshye.Umuyoboro wa Planar-Concave: Bisanzwe muri laseri yinganda, itanga ibiti byiza. Impeta: Byakoreshejwe mubishushanyo byihariye bya lazeri, nka gaze ya gaze. |
Inyungu Hagati: Nexus ya Quantum Mechanics na Optical Engineering
Imbaraga za Quantum mu Kunguka Hagati
Kwunguka uburyo niho inzira yibanze yo kongera urumuri, ikintu gishinze imizi muri kwantike ya kwant. Imikoranire hagati yingufu n’ibice biri hagati igengwa n’amahame yo guhumanya ikirere no guhindagurika kwabaturage. Isano ikomeye hagati yubucyo bwumucyo (I), ubukana bwambere (I0), inzibacyuho yambukiranya (σ21), numubare wibice kurwego rwingufu zombi (N2 na N1) bisobanurwa nuburinganire I = I0e ^ (σ21 (N2-N1) L). Kugera ku guhinduranya kw'abaturage, aho N2> N1, ni ngombwa mu kongera imbaraga kandi ni umusingi wa fiziki ya laser [1].
Inzego eshatu na Sisitemu enye
Muburyo bwa laser bufatika, sisitemu eshatu ninzego enye zisanzwe zikoreshwa. Sisitemu yo mu nzego eshatu, nubwo yoroshye, isaba imbaraga nyinshi kugirango abantu bahinduke kuko urwego rwo hasi rwa laser nubutaka bwubutaka. Ku rundi ruhande, sisitemu zo mu nzego enye, zitanga inzira nziza yo guhinduranya abaturage bitewe no kwangirika kwinshi kutagira imirasire kuva ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ingufu, bigatuma byigaragaza cyane mu gukoresha lazeri igezweho [2].
Is Ikirahuri cya Erbiuminyungu yo hagati?
Nibyo, ikirahuri cya erbium nukuri ni ubwoko bwinyungu ikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya laser. Ni muri urwo rwego, "doping" bivuga inzira yo kongeramo urugero runaka rwa erbium ion (Er³⁺) mu kirahure. Erbium ni ikintu kidasanzwe ku isi, iyo cyinjijwe mu kirahure, gishobora kongera urumuri binyuze mu myuka ihumanya ikirere, inzira y'ibanze mu mikorere ya laser.
Ikirahuri cya Erbium kirazwi cyane cyane mugukoresha fibre fibre no kongera fibre, cyane cyane mubikorwa byitumanaho. Irakwiranye neza niyi porogaramu kuko yongerera neza urumuri ku burebure bwa metero 1550 nm, akaba aribwo burebure bwumurongo wogutumanaho kwa fibre optique kubera igihombo gito muri fibre isanzwe ya silika.
Uwitekaerbiumion ikurura urumuri rwa pompe (akenshi kuva adiode) kandi bashimishijwe na leta zo hejuru. Iyo basubiye mumbaraga zingufu, basohora foton kumurongo wizuba, bigira uruhare mubikorwa bya laser. Ibi bituma ikirahuri gikoreshwa na erbium ikora neza kandi ikoreshwa cyane muburyo butandukanye muburyo bwa laser na amplifier.
Blog zijyanye: Amakuru - Ikirahuri cya Erbium: Ubumenyi & Porogaramu
Uburyo bwo kuvoma: Imbaraga zo gutwara inyuma ya lazeri
Uburyo butandukanye bwo kugera kubaturage
Guhitamo uburyo bwo kuvoma ni ingenzi mu gushushanya laser, bigira ingaruka kuri buri kintu cyose uhereye kumikorere ukageza kumurongo. Kuvoma neza, ukoresheje urumuri ruturuka hanze nka flashlamps cyangwa izindi laseri, birasanzwe muburyo bukomeye kandi busize irangi. Uburyo bwo gusohora amashanyarazi busanzwe bukoreshwa mumashanyarazi ya gaze, mugihe lazeri ya semiconductor ikoresha inshinge za electron. Imikorere yubu buryo bwo kuvoma, cyane cyane muri diode-pompe ikomeye-ya lazeri, yibanze cyane mubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa, itanga imikorere myiza kandi yoroheje [3].
Ibitekerezo bya tekiniki muburyo bwo kuvoma neza
Imikorere ya pompe nigikorwa cyingenzi cyo gushushanya lazeri, bigira ingaruka kumikorere rusange hamwe nibisabwa. Muri lazeri-ikomeye, guhitamo hagati ya flashlamps na diode ya laser nkisoko ya pompe birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ya sisitemu, umutwaro wumuriro, hamwe nubwiza bwibiti. Iterambere ryimbaraga zikomeye, zikora neza cyane laser diode yahinduye sisitemu ya laser ya DPSS, ituma ibishushanyo mbonera byoroshye kandi byiza [4].
Umuyoboro mwiza: Ubwubatsi bwa Laser Beam
Igishushanyo mbonera: Itegeko riringaniza rya fiziki nubuhanga
Umuyoboro wa optique, cyangwa resonator, ntabwo ari ibintu byoroshye gusa ahubwo ni uruhare rugaragara mu gushiraho urumuri rwa laser. Igishushanyo mbonera, harimo kugabanuka no guhuza indorerwamo, bigira uruhare runini mukumenya ituze, imiterere yuburyo, nibisohoka bya laser. Umuyoboro ugomba kuba wateguwe kugirango uzamure inyungu nziza mugihe ugabanya igihombo, ikibazo gihuza ubwubatsi bwa optique hamwe na optique ya optique5.
Imiterere ya Oscillation nuburyo bwo guhitamo
Kugirango lazeri ihindagurika, inyungu zitangwa nigikoresho zigomba kurenza igihombo kiri mu cyuho. Iyi miterere, iherekejwe nibisabwa kugirango coherent wave superposition, itegeka ko gusa inzira ndende zishyigikiwe. Umwanya utandukanijwe hamwe nuburyo rusange bwuburyo bugaragazwa nuburebure bwumubiri bwurwobo hamwe nigipimo cyerekana inyungu zunguka [6].
Umwanzuro
Igishushanyo nigikorwa cya sisitemu ya laser ikubiyemo ibintu byinshi bya fiziki namahame yubuhanga. Kuva kuri kwantike yumukanishi ugenga inyungu ziciriritse kugeza mubuhanga bukomeye bwa cavit optique, buri kintu kigize sisitemu ya laser kigira uruhare runini mumikorere yacyo muri rusange. Iyi ngingo yatanze ibisobanuro ku isi igoye ya tekinoroji ya laser, itanga ubushishozi bujyanye no gusobanukirwa neza kwabarimu naba injeniyeri optique murwego.
Reba
- 1. Siegman, AE (1986). Lazeri. Ibitabo bya siyansi.
- 2. Svelto, O. (2010). Amahame ya Laser. Gusuka.
- 3. Koechner, W. (2006). Ubwubatsi bukomeye bwa Leta. Gusuka.
- 4. Piper, JA, & Mildren, RP (2014). Diode yavomye ibyuma bikomeye bya leta. Mu Gitabo cya Laser Technology na Porogaramu (Vol. III). Itangazamakuru rya CRC.
- 5. Milonni, PW, & Eberly, JH (2010). Ibikoresho bya Laser. Wiley.
- 6. Silfvast, WT (2004). Ibyingenzi. Itangazamakuru rya kaminuza ya Cambridge.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-27-2023