Iyandikishe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zacu kugira ngo ubone ubutumwa bwihuse

Imashini za laser, inkingi y'ikoranabuhanga rya none, zirashishikaje nk'uko zigoye. Imbere yazo hari uruhurirane rw'ibice bikora hamwe kugira ngo bitange urumuri ruhamye kandi rwongerewe. Iyi blog irasuzuma imiterere y'ibi bice, ishyigikiwe n'amahame ya siyansi n'ibigereranyo, kugira ngo itange ubumenyi bwimbitse ku ikoranabuhanga rya laser.

Ubumenyi Buhanitse ku Bice bya Sisitemu ya Laser: Igitekerezo cya Tekiniki ku Banyamwuga

Igice	Imikorere	Ingero
Inyungu Iciriritse	Uburyo bwo gukuraho urumuri ni ibikoresho biri muri laser bikoreshwa mu kongera urumuri. Bifasha mu kongera urumuri binyuze mu guhindura ubwinshi bw'abantu no gukurura imyuka ihumanya. Guhitamo uburyo bwo gukuraho urumuri ni byo bigena imiterere y'imirasire ya laser.	Lazeri zo mu rwego rwo hejuru: urugero, Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet), ikoreshwa mu buvuzi no mu nganda.Lazeri ya Gazi: urugero, laser za CO2, zikoreshwa mu gukata no gusudira.Lazeri zikoresha semiconductor:Urugero, diode za laser, zikoreshwa mu itumanaho rya fiber optique no mu byuma bitanga umurongo wa laser.
Isoko yo gupompa	Isoko yo gupompa itanga ingufu ku buryo bwo gukuramo ingufu kugira ngo igere ku guhinduka kw'abaturage (isoko y'ingufu zo guhindura umubare w'abaturage), bigatuma habaho imikorere ya laser.	Pompe y'amatara: Gukoresha amasoko y'urumuri akomeye nka flashlamps kugira ngo utobore lasers za solid-state.Pompe y'amashanyarazi: Gukangura gazi muri laser za gazi binyuze mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi.Pompe ya semiconductor: Gukoresha diode za laser kugira ngo uvome icyuma cya laser cya solid-state.
Umwobo w'amaso	Umwobo w'urumuri, ugizwe n'indorerwamo ebyiri, ugaragaza urumuri kugira ngo wongere uburebure bw'urumuri mu buryo bwo gukura, bityo wongere ubushobozi bwo kongera urumuri. Utanga uburyo bwo gusubiza ibitekerezo ku kongera urumuri hakoreshejwe laser, uhitamo imiterere ya spectral n'imiterere y'urumuri.	Umwobo w'Igenamigambi-Igenamigambi: Ikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi bwa laboratwari, imiterere yoroshye.Umwobo w'ibishushanyo mbonera n'ibice bito: Ikunze gukoreshwa muri laser zo mu nganda, itanga imirasire myiza. Umwobo w'impeta: Ikoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye bwa lasers z'impeta, nka lasers z'impeta z'impeta.

Uburyo bwo Kunguka: Ihuriro ry'Ubukanishi bwa Quantum n'Ubuhanga bw'Ikoranabuhanga

Imiterere ya Quantum muri Gain Medium

Uburyo bwo gukura niho inzira y'ibanze yo kongera urumuri ibera, ikintu gishingiye cyane mu buryo bwa quantum mechanics. Imikoranire hagati y'imiterere y'ingufu n'uduce turi muri ubwo buryo igengwa n'amahame yo gukurura imyuka n'ihindagurika ry'abaturage. Isano y'ingenzi iri hagati y'ubukana bw'urumuri (I), ubukana bw'ibanze (I0), igice cy'impinduka (σ21), n'imibare y'uduce ku rwego rw'ingufu ebyiri (N2 na N1) isobanurwa n'ikigereranyo I = I0e^(σ21(N2-N1)L). Kugera ku ihindagurika ry'abaturage, aho N2 > N1, ni ingenzi mu kongera kandi ni inkingi ya fiziki ya laser [1].

Sisitemu y'urwego rutatu ugereranyije n'urwego rune

Mu miterere ya laser ifatika, sisitemu z’urwego rutatu n’iz’urwego rune zikunze gukoreshwa. Sisitemu z’urwego rutatu, nubwo zoroshye, zisaba ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo abaturage bagere ku ihinduka ry’ingufu kuko urwego rwo hasi rwa laser ari urwego rwo hasi. Sisitemu z’urwego rune, ku rundi ruhande, zitanga inzira nziza yo kugera ku ihinduka ry’ingufu z’abaturage bitewe n’igabanuka ry’ingufu rikabije riturutse ku rwego rwo hejuru, bigatuma zigaragara cyane mu mikoreshereze ya laser igezweho [2].

Is Ikirahure gifite umusemburo wa Erbiumuburyo bwo kunguka?

Yego, ikirahure gikozwe muri erbium ni ubwoko bw'uburyo bwo gukuramo umusaruro bukoreshwa muri sisitemu ya laser. Muri uru rwego, "doping" yerekeza ku buryo bwo kongeramo ingano runaka ya erbium ions (Er³⁺) mu kirahure. Erbium ni ikintu cy'isi kidasanzwe, iyo gishyizwe mu kirahure, gishobora kongera urumuri binyuze mu ibyuka bishyushye, inzira y'ibanze mu mikorere ya laser.

Ikirahure cya Erbium kizwi cyane kubera ikoreshwa ryacyo muri fiber lasers na fibre amplifiers, cyane cyane mu nganda z'itumanaho. Kirakwiriye cyane muri izi porogaramu kuko cyongera urumuri ku bunini bwa 1550 nm, ari na cyo kimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'itumanaho rya fibre optique bitewe n'uko gitakaza cyane fibres zisanzwe za silica.

Itsindaerbiumiyoni zifata urumuri rwa pompe (akenshi ziva kuridiode ya laser) kandi bishimira imiterere y’ingufu nyinshi. Iyo bagarutse ku miterere y’ingufu nke, basohora fotoni ku rugero rw’uburebure bw’umurambararo, bigafasha mu mikorere ya laser. Ibi bituma ikirahure cya erbium kiba uburyo bwiza kandi bukoreshwa cyane mu miterere itandukanye ya laser na amplifier.

Blogi zijyanye: Amakuru - Ikirahure cya Erbium-Doped Glass: Siyansi n'Imikoreshereze

Uburyo bwo gupompa: Imbaraga zikoresha imirasire ya laser

Uburyo butandukanye bwo kugera ku ihinduka ry'abaturage

Guhitamo uburyo bwo gupompa ni ingenzi cyane mu gushushanya laser, bigira ingaruka ku bintu byose kuva ku mikorere myiza kugeza ku bunini bw'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi. Gupompa optique, hakoreshejwe amasoko y'urumuri rwo hanze nka flashlamps cyangwa izindi lasers, ni ibisanzwe muri solid-state na dye lasers. Uburyo bwo gusohora amashanyarazi bukunze gukoreshwa muri gaz lasers, mu gihe semiconductor lasers akenshi zikoresha electron injections. Ubuhanga bw'ubu buryo bwo gupompa, cyane cyane muri diode-pumped solid-state lasers, bwabaye ikintu cy'ingenzi mu bushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa, butanga imikorere myiza kandi iciriritse [3].

Ibitekerezo bya tekiniki mu gukoresha neza pompe

Ubushobozi bwo gusohora imashini ni ingenzi cyane mu gushushanya imashini ya laser, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere rusange no ku buryo ikoreshwa rikwiranye. Muri laser za solid-state, guhitamo hagati y'amatara ya flash na laser diodes nk'isoko y'imashini bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere myiza ya sisitemu, umutwaro w'ubushyuhe, n'ubwiza bw'imirasire. Iterambere rya laser diodes zifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi zikora neza ryahinduye sisitemu za laser za DPSS, bituma habaho imiterere mito kandi ikora neza [4].

Umwobo w'Ijisho: Gutunganya Umurimbo wa Laser

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ubuvumo: Iterambere ry'uburinganire mu bugenge n'ubwubatsi

Umwobo w'urumuri, cyangwa resonator, si igice kidakora gusa ahubwo ni uruhare runini mu kurema imirasire ya laser. Imiterere y'uwo mwobo, harimo no kugorama no guhuza indorerwamo, bigira uruhare runini mu kugena uburyo laser ihagaze, imiterere y'uburyo ikora, n'umusaruro wayo. Uwo mwobo ugomba kuba warakozwe kugira ngo wongere inyungu y'urumuri mu gihe ugabanye igihombo, ikibazo gihuza ubuhanga bw'urumuri n'urumuri rw'amashanyarazi.5.

Imiterere y'ihindagurika ry'ikirere n'uburyo bwo guhitamo

Kugira ngo imirasire ya laser ibeho, inyungu itangwa n'icyo gikoresho igomba kurenza igihombo kiri mu mwobo. Iyi mimerere, hamwe n'ibisabwa kugira ngo umuraba ushyirweho neza, itegeka ko uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwo mu gihe kirekire ari bwo bushyigikirwa. Intera iri hagati y'uburyo n'imiterere rusange y'uburyo bigengwa n'uburebure bw'aho gikoresho n'igipimo cyo kugaruka cy'uburyo bwo gukurura [6].

Umwanzuro

Imiterere n'imikorere ya sisitemu za laser bikubiyemo amahame menshi ya fiziki n'ubuhanga. Kuva kuri quantum mechanics igenga uburyo bwo gukusanya umusaruro kugeza ku buhanga buhambaye bw'umwobo w'urumuri, buri gice cya sisitemu ya laser kigira uruhare runini mu mikorere yacyo muri rusange. Iyi nkuru yatanze ishusho rusange y'isi igoye y'ikoranabuhanga rya laser, itanga ubumenyi bujyanye n'ubumenyi buhanitse bw'abarimu n'abahanga mu by'urumuri muri urwo rwego.

Porogaramu ya Laser Ijyanye na Yo

Ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano

Laser ya Diode ipompamo Solid State

Ongera ubushakashatsi bwawe n'ikoreshwa ryawe ukoresheje serivise yacu ya Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers (DPSS). Izi laser, zifite ubushobozi bwo gupompa ingufu nyinshi, ubwiza budasanzwe bw'imirasire, kandi zihamye cyane, zitanga ibisubizo bitandukanye ku ikoreshwa ryazo.

Uduce twa diode ya laser

Uruhererekane rwa Laser Diode Stacks ruboneka mu buryo butambitse, buhagaze, bwa polygon, bwa ring, na mini-stacked arrays, buvanze hamwe hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya AuSn hard soldering. Ubukonje bushobora gukoreshwa mu kumurika, ubushakashatsi, kuvumbura no mu masoko ya pompe.

Diode ya Laser ihujwe na Fibre

Lazeri za diode zifatanye na fibre, zitanga urumuri rworoshye kandi ruzengurutse rufite ubuziranenge bw'imirasire ingana, zisobanurwa nk'ibikoresho bya lazeri ya diode bihuza urumuri ruvuyemo n'umunyu w'urumuri

Laser y'ikirahure ifite dope ya Erbium

Laser yacu ya Erbium-Doped Glass, izwi ku izina rya 1535nm Eye-Safe Er Glass Laser, irakora neza mu gupima amaso neza. Itanga imikorere yizewe kandi ihendutse, itanga urumuri rwinjizwa n'imiterere y'amaso ya cornea na crystalline, irinda umutekano wa retina.

Amareferensi

1. Siegman, AE (1986). Lazeri. Ibitabo bya siyansi ya kaminuza.
2. Svelto, O. (2010). Amahame ya Laser. Springer.
3. Koechner, W. (2006). Ubwubatsi bwa Laser bwa Leta Ikomeye. Springer.
4. Piper, JA, & Mildren, RP (2014). Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers. Mu gitabo cy'ikoranabuhanga rya Laser n'ikoreshwa ryayo (Umubumbe wa III). CRC Press.
5. Milonni, PW, & Eberly, JH (2010). Fiziki ya Lazeri. Wiley.
6. Silfvast, WT (2004). Iby'ibanze bya Laser. Cambridge University Press.

Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-27-2023

Ibice by'ingenzi bya laser: Gain Medium, Pompe Source, na Optical Cavity.