Lumispot Itanga ubuziranenge bwo hejuru kandi bwizewe nyuma yo kugurisha, byemejwe na sisitemu yubuziranenge yigihugu, inganda, FDA, na CE. Kwihutisha igisubizo cyabakiriya hamwe nibikorwa bifatika nyuma yo kugurisha.
Kwiyandikisha Mubitangazamakuru Byacu Kubyihuta
Ibyuma byo mu kirere bya LiDARIrashobora gufata ingingo zihariye uhereye kuri laser pulse, izwi nkigipimo cyo kugaruka kwa discret, cyangwa kwandika ibimenyetso byuzuye uko igaruka, byitwa byuzuye-byuzuye, mugihe cyagenwe nka 1 ns (ikubiyemo cm 15). LiDAR yuzuye-yuzuye ikoreshwa cyane mumashyamba, mugihe kugaruka kwa LiDAR ifite porogaramu nini mumirima itandukanye. Iyi ngingo ivuga cyane cyane kugaruka kwa LiDAR no kuyikoresha. Muri iki gice, tuzareba ingingo nyinshi zingenzi zerekeye LiDAR, harimo ibice byibanze, uko ikora, ubunyangamugayo, sisitemu, hamwe nibikoresho bihari.
Ibice by'ibanze bya LiDAR
Sisitemu ya LiDAR ishingiye kubutaka isanzwe ikoresha lazeri ifite uburebure buri hagati ya 500-600 nm, mugihe sisitemu ya LiDAR yo mu kirere ikoresha lazeri ifite uburebure burebure, kuva kuri 1000-1600 nm. Igikoresho gisanzwe cyo mu kirere LiDAR kirimo laser scaneri, igice cyo gupima intera (urwego ruringaniye), hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura, kugenzura, no gufata amajwi. Harimo kandi sisitemu itandukanye ya Global Positioning Sisitemu (DGPS) hamwe na Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), ikunze kwinjizwa muri sisitemu imwe izwi nka sisitemu nicyerekezo. Sisitemu itanga ahantu nyaburanga (uburebure, uburebure, nuburebure) hamwe nicyerekezo (umuzingo, ikibanza, numutwe) amakuru.
Ibishushanyo aho laser isikana akarere irashobora gutandukana, harimo zigzag, ibangikanye, cyangwa inzira ya elliptique. Ihuriro ryamakuru ya DGPS na IMU, hamwe namakuru ya kalibrasi hamwe nibipimo byerekana, bituma sisitemu itunganya neza ingingo zegeranijwe. Izi ngingo noneho zihabwa imirongo (x, y, z) muri sisitemu yo guhuza imiterere ya geografiya ikoresheje World Geodetic System yo muri 1984 (WGS84) datum.
Uburyo LiDARKumva kureImirimo? Sobanura muburyo bworoshye
Sisitemu ya LiDAR isohora laser pulses yihuta yerekeza kubintu cyangwa hejuru.
Laser pulses yerekana intego hanyuma igasubira kuri sensor ya LiDAR.
Rukuruzi irapima neza igihe bifata kuri buri pulse kugirango igere kuntego ninyuma.
Ukoresheje umuvuduko wumucyo nigihe cyurugendo, intera igana kubarwa.
Ufatanije nu mwanya hamwe nicyerekezo cyamakuru kuva GPS na sensor ya IMU, umurongo wa 3D uhuza neza ya laser yerekana.
Ibi bivamo igicu cyuzuye cya 3D point igereranya ubuso cyangwa ikintu.
Ihame ry'umubiri rya LiDAR
Sisitemu ya LiDAR ikoresha ubwoko bubiri bwa laseri: pulsed hamwe nu muhengeri uhoraho. Sisitemu yasunitswe na LiDAR ikora yohereza impiswi ngufi hanyuma hanyuma igapima igihe bifata kugirango iyi pulse igende kuntego hanyuma isubire kubakira. Iki gipimo cyigihe-cyurugendo gifasha kumenya intera igana. Urugero rwerekanwe mubishushanyo aho amplitude yikimenyetso cyumucyo cyoherejwe (AT) hamwe nikimenyetso cyakiriwe (AR) cyerekanwe. Ikigereranyo cyibanze gikoreshwa muri iyi sisitemu kirimo umuvuduko wurumuri (c) nintera igana ku ntego (R), bituma sisitemu ibara intera ukurikije igihe bifata kugirango urumuri rugaruke.
Kugarura neza no gupima byuzuye ukoresheje LiDAR yo mu kirere.
Sisitemu isanzwe yo mu kirere LiDAR.
Igipimo cyo gupima muri LiDAR, gifata ibyuma byerekana ibimenyetso n'ibiranga intego, byegeranijwe hamwe na LiDAR isanzwe. Iri gereranya ryakuwe muburinganire bwa radar kandi nibyingenzi mugusobanukirwa uburyo sisitemu ya LiDAR ibara intera. Irasobanura isano iri hagati yimbaraga zikimenyetso cyatanzwe (Pt) nimbaraga zikimenyetso cyakiriwe (Pr). Mu byingenzi, ikigereranyo gifasha kumenya umubare wumucyo woherejwe usubizwa uwakiriye nyuma yo kwerekana intego, ari ngombwa muguhitamo intera no gukora amakarita nyayo. Iyi sano izirikana ibintu nkibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso bitewe nintera n'imikoranire hamwe nubuso bugenewe.
Porogaramu ya LiDAR Kumva kure
LiDAR ya kure yunvikana ifite porogaramu nyinshi mubice bitandukanye:
Ikarita yerekana ikarita ya topografiya yo gukora imiterere-yimiterere ihanitse ya digitale (DEM).
Mapping Gushushanya amashyamba n'ibimera kugirango wige imiterere y'ibiti na biomass.
Mapping Ikarita yo ku nkombe no ku nkombe yo gukurikirana isuri n’imihindagurikire y’inyanja.
Planning Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imijyi n'ibikorwa remezo, harimo inyubako n'imiyoboro yo gutwara abantu.
Ubucukumbuzi n’umurage ndangamuco inyandiko zerekana amateka n’ibikoresho.
Ubushakashatsi bwa geologiya n'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro yo gushushanya ibintu bigaragara no kugenzura ibikorwa.
Navigation Kugendesha ibinyabiziga byigenga no kumenya inzitizi.
Ubushakashatsi ku mubumbe, nko gushushanya ubuso bwa Mars.
Ukeneye ibitekerezo byubusa?
Ibikoresho bya LiDAR:
Urutonde rutuzuye rwamakuru ya LiDAR hamwe na software yubuntu itangwa hepfo.LiDAR amakuru yamakuru:
1.Fungura Topografiyahttp://www.opentopography.org
2.USGS Isihttp://earthexplorer.usgs.gov
3.Reta zunzubumwe za Amerikahttps://coast.noaa.gov/ kubara /
4.Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’inyanja n’ikirere (NOAA)Digital Coasthttps: //www.coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#
5.Wikipedia LiDARhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igihugu_Lidar_Dataset_(Bumwe_bumwe)
6.LiDAR Kumurongohttp://www.lidar-umurongo.com
7.Ihuriro ry’igihugu ryita ku bidukikije-NEONhttp://www.ubumenyi.org/data-amakuru/amakuru-data/umuyobozi-data
8.LiDAR Amakuru yo muri Espanye y'Amajyaruguruhttp://b5m.gipuzkoa.net/url5000/en/G_22485/PUBLI&consulta=HAZLIDAR
9.LiDAR Amakuru y'Ubwongerezahttp://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/ urutonde /? garuka_obj = ob & id = 8049, 8042, 8051, 8053
Porogaramu ya LiDAR y'Ubuntu:
1.Irasaba ENVI. http://bcal.geology.isu.edu/ Envitools.shtml
2.FugroViewer(kuri LiDAR hamwe nandi makuru ya raster / vector) http://www.fugroviewer.com/
3.FUSION / LDV(LiDAR yerekana amashusho, guhinduka, no gusesengura) http: // forsys.cfr.washington.edu/fusion/fusionlatest.html
4.Ibikoresho bya LAS(Kode na software yo gusoma no kwandika LAS fi les) http: // www.cs.unc.edu/~isenburg/lastools/
5.LASUtility.
6.LibLAS(Isomero rya C / C ++ ryo gusoma / kwandika imiterere ya LAS) http://www.liblas.org/
7.MCC-LiDAR.
8.MARS Yubusa(Ishusho ya 3D yerekana amakuru ya LiDAR)
9.Isesengura ryuzuye(Fungura software isoko yo gutunganya no gushushanya ibicu bya LiDARpoint hamwe na flake)
10.Ingingo ya Cloud Magic (A set of software tools for LiDAR point cloud visualiza-tion, editing, filtering, 3D building modeling, and statistical analysis in forestry/ vegetation applications. Contact Dr. Cheng Wang at wangcheng@radi.ac.cn)
11.Umusomyi Wihuse(Kwerekana amashusho yibicu bya LiDAR)
Gushimira
- Iyi ngingo ikubiyemo ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na "LiDAR Remote Sensing and Applices" by Vinícius Guimarães, 2020. Ingingo yuzuye iraharihano.
- Uru rutonde rwuzuye hamwe nibisobanuro birambuye byamakuru ya LiDAR hamwe na software yubuntu itanga igitabo cyingenzi kubanyamwuga nabashakashatsi mubijyanye no kwiyumvisha kure no gusesengura imiterere.
Inshingano:
- Turamenyesha ko amashusho amwe yerekanwe kurubuga rwacu yakusanyirijwe kuri interineti hagamijwe guteza imbere uburezi no guhana amakuru. Twubaha uburenganzira bwumutungo wubwenge kubaremye bose. Gukoresha aya mashusho ntabwo bigamije inyungu zubucuruzi.
- Niba wemera ko bimwe mubirimo byakoreshejwe bibangamiye uburenganzira bwawe, twandikire. Turashaka cyane gufata ingamba zikwiye, harimo gukuraho amashusho cyangwa gutanga inshingano zikwiye, kugirango twubahirize amategeko n'amabwiriza agenga umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge. Intego yacu nukubungabunga urubuga rukungahaye kubirimo, kurenganura, no kubahiriza uburenganzira bwumutungo wubwenge bwabandi.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-16-2024