Ingufu za Laser

Ingufu za pulse ya lazeri bivuga imbaraga zoherezwa na laser pulse kuri buri gice cyigihe. Mubisanzwe, laseri irashobora gusohora imiraba ikomeza (CW) cyangwa imivumba ihindagurika, hamwe nibyingenzi byingenzi mubikorwa byinshi nko gutunganya ibikoresho, kurebera kure, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, nubushakashatsi bwa siyansi. Gusobanukirwa ibiranga ingufu za laser pulse ningirakamaro mugutezimbere imikorere yayo no kunoza imikorere.

1. Ibisobanuro no gupima ingufu za pulse

Ingufu za Laser pulse nimbaraga zirekurwa na buri laser pulse, mubisanzwe bipimirwa muri joules (J). Bitandukanye na lazeri ikomeza (CW), lazeri irekura ingufu mugihe gito, kandi ubunini bwingufu busanzwe bujyanye nigihe cyo kumara (ubugari bwa pulse) nimbaraga zo hejuru.

Ingufu za pulse zirashobora kubarwa ukoresheje formula ikurikira: E = Ppeak × τ. Aho E ni imbaraga za pulse (joules), Ppeak nimbaraga zo hejuru zimpiswi (watts), na τ nigihe impiswi yamara (amasegonda). Ibi bivuze ko imbaraga za pulse zifitanye isano itaziguye nimbaraga zimpinga nubugari bwa pulse.

2. Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku mbaraga za pulse

Ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kumpanuka ya laser, harimo:

①Igishushanyo cya Laser n'ubwoko:
Ubwoko butandukanye bwa laseri bugira ingaruka kubunini bwingufu. Kurugero, ibyuma-bya lazeri mubisanzwe bitanga ingufu zidasanzwe, zikwiranye na porogaramu zisaba ingufu nyinshi. Ku rundi ruhande, fibre ya fibre irashobora gutanga impiswi zifite imbaraga nyinshi muguhindura uburebure bwabyo.

②Igihe Impanuka (Ubugari bwa Pulse):
Mugihe kigufi ubugari bwa pulse, niko imbaraga zimpinga mugihe runaka, zitanga imbaraga zingirakamaro. Ubugari bwa pulse muri lazeri isanzwe irashobora guhindurwa hagati ya nanosekondi na picosekond, hamwe na pulses ngufi zikoreshwa cyane mubisabwa neza cyane kubera imbaraga zazo zo hejuru.

③Imbaraga za Laser nimbaraga zo guhindura imikorere:
Imikorere ya laser igena neza ingufu zisohoka. Sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zirashobora guhindura imikorere muguhindura igishushanyo mbonera cyunguka cyangwa icyuho cya laser, bityo imbaraga za pulse zikiyongera.

④Amashanyarazi ya Laser:
Muri sisitemu nyinshi zifite ingufu za laser, amplifier zikoreshwa mukongera ingufu zisohoka. Binyuze mu byiciro byinshi byongera imbaraga, imbaraga za pulse zirashobora kuzamurwa cyane.

⑤Laser Drive Ibiriho:
Imiyoboro ya disiki ya laser diode cyangwa sisitemu ya laser nikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kubisohoka nimbaraga za pulse. Muguhindura ibyagezweho, imiterere ya laser irashobora guhinduka, bityo bikagira ingaruka kumasoko yingufu.

3. Gukoresha ingufu za Laser Pulse

Ingano yingufu za laser pulse igena ibikwiranye nimirima itandukanye. Porogaramu zisanzwe zirimo:

①Gutunganya ibikoresho:
Mu gusudira laser, gukata, no gushushanya, ingufu za pulse zirashobora kugenzurwa neza kugirango bigerweho neza kandi neza. Ingufu zisumba izindi zikwiranye no gutunganya ibikoresho byicyuma, mugihe impiswi nkeya zikoreshwa mugutunganya neza.

②Gusaba Ubuvuzi:
Lazeri isunikwa ikoreshwa cyane mubuvuzi, cyane cyane kubaga laser, kuvura uruhu, no kuvura amaso. Kurugero, laseri ya puls ifite imbaraga nyinshi zirashobora kwibanda kumurabyo wa lazeri yuburebure bwihariye bwumurambararo ahantu hato kugirango bakureho imyenda irwaye cyangwa kuvura indwara zamaso.

③LiDAR no Kumva kure:
Ikoranabuhanga rya LiDAR rishingiye ku mashanyarazi menshi yo mu bwoko bwa lazeri kugira ngo agaragaze neza kandi yerekana amashusho. Mugukurikirana ibidukikije, gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, no kugenzura drone, ingano yingufu za pulse igira ingaruka itaziguye intera yo kumenya no gukemura sisitemu ya LiDAR.

④Ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi:
Laser yasunitswe kandi igira uruhare runini mubushakashatsi muri fiziki, chimie, na biologiya. Mugucunga neza ingufu za pulse, abahanga barashobora gukora neza-laser-iterwa na spekitroscopi, kwihuta kwingingo, hamwe nubushakashatsi bukonje bwa laser.

4. Uburyo bwo kongera ingufu za pulse

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kongera ingufu za laser pulse zirimo:

①Kunguka Hagati Hagati:
Muguhitamo inyungu ikwiye kandi igahindura igishushanyo mbonera cya laser, ingufu zisohoka za laser zirashobora kwiyongera.

②Ibyiciro byinshi bya Laser Amplification:
Ibyiciro byinshi byongera imbaraga birashobora kongera buhoro buhoro imbaraga za laser kugirango zuzuze ibisabwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.

③Kongera Ububiko Bugezweho cyangwa Ubugari bwa Pulse:
Guhindura ibiyobora bya laser cyangwa ubugari bwa pulse birashobora kuvamo ingufu nini.

④Ikoreshwa rya Compression Compression:
Ukoresheje tekinike yo guhunika impiswi, igihe cyimpiswi kirashobora kugabanywa, kongera imbaraga zimpinga no kurekura ingufu nyinshi mugihe gito.

5. Umwanzuro

Ingufu za Laser pulse ningingo nyamukuru ihindura imikorere no gukoresha lazeri mubice bitandukanye. Hamwe niterambere rihoraho mubuhanga bwa laser, pulsed lasers izaba ifite porogaramu nini mubikorwa byinshi. Kuva kumashini zisobanutse neza kugeza kure no kuvura no kuvura, ingufu nyinshi ziva mumashanyarazi zifungura uburyo bushya. Gusobanukirwa amahame shingiro yingufu zimpanuka nibintu bigira ingaruka birashobora gufasha guhitamo siyanse mugihe mugushushanya no gukoresha sisitemu ya laser.