Amakuru - Ihame shingiro nogukoresha TOF (Igihe cyindege) Sisitemu

Kwiyandikisha Mubitangazamakuru Byacu Kubyihuta

Uru ruhererekane rugamije guha abasomyi ubumenyi bwimbitse kandi bugenda butera imbere bwigihe cyindege (TOF). Ibirimo bikubiyemo incamake yuzuye ya sisitemu ya TOF, harimo ibisobanuro birambuye byombi TOF itaziguye (iTOF) hamwe na TOF (dTOF). Ibi bice byinjira mubipimo bya sisitemu, ibyiza byayo nibibi, hamwe na algorithms zitandukanye. Iyi ngingo irasobanura kandi ibice bitandukanye bigize sisitemu ya TOF, nka Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs), kwanduza no kwakira, kwakira sensor nka CIS, APD, SPAD, SiPM, hamwe n’umuzunguruko nka ASICs.

Intangiriro kuri TOF (Igihe cyo Guhaguruka)

Amahame remezo

TOF, ihagaze kumwanya windege, nuburyo bukoreshwa mugupima intera mukubara igihe bifata kugirango urumuri rugende intera runaka murwego rwo hagati. Iri hame rikoreshwa cyane cyane muburyo bwiza bwa TOF kandi birasa neza. Inzira ikubiyemo isoko yumucyo isohora urumuri rwumucyo, hamwe nigihe cyo gusohora cyanditswe. Urumuri noneho rugaragaza intego, rufatwa nuwakiriye, kandi igihe cyo kwakirwa kiragaragara. Itandukaniro muri ibi bihe, ryerekanwa nka t, rigena intera (d = umuvuduko wurumuri (c) × t / 2).

Ubwoko bwa ToF Sensors

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwibanze bwa sensor ya ToF: optique na electromagnetic. Ibyuma bya Optical ToF, nibisanzwe, koresha impiswi zoroheje, mubisanzwe murwego rwa infragre, kugirango bapime intera. Izi mpiswi zisohoka muri sensor, zigaragaza ikintu, hanyuma zigasubira kuri sensor, aho igihe cyurugendo gipimwa kandi kigakoreshwa mukubara intera. Ibinyuranye, ibyuma bya elegitoroniki ya ToF ikoresha amashanyarazi ya electronique, nka radar cyangwa lidar, kugirango bapime intera. Bakora kumahame amwe ariko bakoresha uburyo butandukanye kurigupima intera.

Porogaramu ya ToF Sensors

Rukuruzi rwa ToF ruratandukanye kandi rwinjijwe mubice bitandukanye:

Imashini za robo:Byakoreshejwe mukumenya inzitizi no kugendagenda. Kurugero, robot nka Roomba na Boston Dynamics 'Atlas ikoresha kamera yimbitse ya ToF mugushushanya ibibakikije no gutegura imigambi.

Sisitemu z'umutekano:Bikunze gukoreshwa mubyuma byerekana ibyinjira, gutabaza, cyangwa gukora sisitemu ya kamera.

Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga:Yinjijwe muri sisitemu-ifasha abashoferi uburyo bwo kugenzura imiterere yo kurwanya imipaka no kwirinda kugongana, bigenda bigaragara cyane mu modoka nshya.

Ikibanza c'Ubuvuzi: Yakoreshejwe mumashusho adasobanutse no kwisuzumisha, nka optique coherence tomografiya (OCT), akora amashusho yimyenda ihanitse.

Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki: Yinjijwe muri terefone zigendanwa, tableti, na mudasobwa zigendanwa kubintu nko kumenyekanisha mu maso, kwemeza biometrike, no kumenya ibimenyetso.

Drone:Yakoreshejwe mukugenda, kwirinda kugongana, no mugukemura ibibazo byibanga nindege

TOF Sisitemu yububiko

Sisitemu isanzwe ya TOF igizwe nibice byinshi byingenzi kugirango tugere ku ntera intera nkuko byasobanuwe:

· Ikwirakwiza (Tx):Ibi birimo urumuri rwa laser, cyane cyane aVCSEL, umushoferi wumuzunguruko ASIC kugirango atware lazeri, nibikoresho bya optique byo kugenzura ibiti nko gukusanya lens cyangwa ibintu bitandukanya optique, hamwe nayunguruzo.
· Uwakiriye (Rx):Ibi bigizwe na lens na filtri kumpera yakira, sensor nka CIS, SPAD, cyangwa SiPM bitewe na sisitemu ya TOF, hamwe na Image Signal Processor (ISP) yo gutunganya amakuru menshi kuva chip yakira.
·Gucunga ingufu:Gucunga nezakugenzura kurubu kuri VCSELs na voltage nyinshi kuri SPADs ningirakamaro, bisaba gucunga ingufu zikomeye.
· Urwego rwa software:Ibi birimo software, SDK, OS, hamwe na layer ya porogaramu.

Ubwubatsi bwerekana uburyo urumuri rwa lazeri, rukomoka kuri VCSEL kandi ruhindurwa nibikoresho bya optique, rugenda mu kirere, rugaragaza ikintu, rukagaruka kubakira. Igihe cyo kubara muri iki gikorwa kigaragaza intera cyangwa amakuru yimbitse. Nyamara, ubu bwubatsi ntabwo bukubiyemo inzira z urusaku, nkurusaku ruterwa nizuba cyangwa urusaku rwinzira nyinshi ziva mubitekerezo, byaganiriweho nyuma murukurikirane.

Itondekanya rya sisitemu ya TOF

Sisitemu ya TOF yashyizwe mubyiciro byubuhanga bwo gupima intera: itaziguye TOF (dTOF) na TOF itaziguye (iTOF), buri kimwe gifite ibyuma bitandukanye hamwe nuburyo bwa algorithmic. Urukurikirane rwerekana amahame yabo mbere yo gucengera kugereranya ibyiza byabo, imbogamizi, nibipimo bya sisitemu.

Nubwo ihame risa nkiryo ryoroshye rya TOF - gusohora urumuri ruto no kumenya kugaruka kwarwo kubara intera - ingorabahizi iri mugutandukanya urumuri rugaruka nurumuri rwibidukikije. Ibi byakemuwe no gusohora urumuri rwinshi bihagije kugirango ugere ku gipimo kinini cyerekana-urusaku no guhitamo uburebure bukwiye kugirango hagabanuke urumuri rwibidukikije. Ubundi buryo ni ugushiraho urumuri rwasohotse kugirango rutandukane mugarutse, bisa nibimenyetso bya SOS hamwe n'amatara.

Urukurikirane rugenda rugereranya dTOF na iTOF, baganira kubitandukaniro, ibyiza, nibibazo byabo muburyo burambuye, kandi bigashyira mubikorwa sisitemu ya TOF ishingiye kubibazo bigoye batanga, kuva kuri 1D TOF kugeza 3D TOF.

DTOF

Direct TOF ipima neza igihe cyo kuguruka. Ibyingenzi byingenzi, Photode Avalanche Diode (SPAD), irumva bihagije kugirango ibone fotone imwe. dTOF ikoresha Igihe gifitanye isano na Photon Kubara (TCSPC) kugirango ipime igihe cyo kugera kwa fotone, yubaka histogramu kugirango igabanye intera ishoboka cyane bitewe ninshuro ndende yigihe gitandukanye.

iTOF

TOF itaziguye ibara igihe cyo guhaguruka hashingiwe ku itandukaniro ryicyiciro hagati yasohotse kandi yakiriwe, mubisanzwe ukoresheje ibimenyetso bihoraho cyangwa ibimenyetso byerekana impinduka. iTOF irashobora gukoresha amashusho asanzwe yububiko, gupima ubukana bwumucyo mugihe.

iTOF yongeye kugabanywa muburyo bwo gukomeza guhindagurika (CW-iTOF) no guhinduranya pulse (Pulsed-iTOF). C.

Gusoma ahazaza:

Wikipedia. (nd). Igihe cyo guhaguruka. Yakuwe murihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igihe_cy'urumuri
Itsinda rya Sony Semiconductor Solutions Group. (nd). ToF (Igihe cyo Guhaguruka) | Ikoranabuhanga risanzwe ryerekana amashusho. Yakuwe murihttps://www.sony-semicon.com/en/ikoranabuhanga/tof
Microsoft. (2021, 4 Gashyantare). Intro kuri Microsoft Igihe Cyindege (ToF) - Ihuriro ryimbitse rya Azure. Yakuwe murihttps://devblogs.microsoft.com/azure-depth-platform/intro-to-microsoft-igihe-cy'urumuri-tof
ESCATEC. (2023, 2 Werurwe). Igihe cyo Guhaguruka (TOF) Sensors: Muri Byimbitse Muri rusange na Porogaramu. Yakuwe murihttps://www.escatec.com/amakuru mashya

Kuva kurupapurohttps://faster-than-umucyo.net/TOFSystem_C1/

n'umwanditsi: Chao Guang

Inshingano:

Turamenyesha rero ko amwe mumashusho yerekanwe kurubuga rwacu yakusanyirijwe kuri interineti na Wikipedia, hagamijwe guteza imbere uburezi no guhana amakuru. Twubaha uburenganzira bwumutungo wubwenge kubaremye bose. Gukoresha aya mashusho ntabwo bigamije inyungu zubucuruzi.

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