Kugaragaza Semiconductor Resistivity: Ikintu Cyibanze cyo Kugenzura Imikorere

Muri elegitoroniki igezweho na optoelectronics, ibikoresho bya semiconductor bigira uruhare rudasubirwaho. Kuva kuri terefone zigendanwa na radar yimodoka kugeza laseri-yinganda, ibikoresho bya semiconductor biri hose. Mubintu byose byingenzi byingenzi, kurwanya ni kimwe mu bipimo fatizo byo gusobanukirwa no gushushanya imikorere ya semiconductor imikorere.

1. Kurwanya ni iki?

Kurwanya ni ingano yumubiri ipima uburyo ibintu birwanya cyane umuvuduko wamashanyarazi, mubisanzwe bigaragarira muri santimetero (Ω · cm). Irerekana "résistance" y'imbere electroni zibaho mugihe zinyuze mubikoresho. Muri rusange ibyuma bifite imbaraga nke cyane, insulator zifite imbaraga zo guhangana cyane, kandi semiconductor zigwa ahantu hagati - hamwe ninyungu zo kwihanganira ibintu. Kurwanya ρ = R * (L / A), aho: R ni ukurwanya amashanyarazi, A ni agace kambukiranya ibintu, L ni uburebure bwibikoresho.

2. Ibintu bigira ingaruka kuri Semiconductor Resistivity

Bitandukanye nicyuma, kurwanya semiconductor ntabwo byashizweho. Biterwa nibintu byinshi byingenzi:
Type Ubwoko bwibikoresho: Ibikoresho bitandukanye bya semiconductor nka silicon (Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs), na fosifide indium (InP) bifite indangagaciro zitandukanye zo kurwanya.
Doping: Kwinjiza dopants (nka boron cyangwa fosifore) muburyo butandukanye hamwe nibitekerezo bihindura ubwikorezi bwabatwara, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubirwanya.
③ Ubushyuhe: Kurwanya Semiconductor birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi. Mugihe ubushyuhe bwiyongera, ubwikorezi bwubwikorezi burazamuka, mubisanzwe bivamo kwihanganira hasi.
Structure Imiterere ya Crystal nudusembwa: Ubusembwa mumiterere ya kristu - nko gutandukana cyangwa inenge - birashobora kubangamira ubwikorezi bwabatwara bityo bikagira ingaruka kubirwanya.

3. Uburyo Kurwanya bigira ingaruka kumikorere yibikoresho

Mubikorwa bifatika, kurwanya birwanya imbaraga zikoreshwa, umuvuduko wo gusubiza, hamwe nibikorwa bihamye. Urugero:

Muri diode ya laser, kwihanganira birenze urugero biganisha ku gushyuha gukomeye, bigira ingaruka kumikorere yumucyo no kumara igihe cyibikoresho.

Mubikoresho bya RF, byitondewe birwanya imbaraga bifasha guhuza neza no guhuza ibimenyetso neza.

Muri fotodetekeri, insimburangingo irwanya ubukana akenshi ni ngombwa kugirango ugere kumikorere mike yijimye.
Kubwibyo, igishushanyo mbonera no kugenzura birwanya imbaraga ni ingenzi mu buhanga bwa semiconductor.

4. Ingero zisanzwe zo guhangana ninganda (Indangagaciro)

Ubwoko bwibikoresho birwanya (Ω · cm)
Silicon Imbere (Si) ~ 2.3 × 10⁵
Dope Silicon (n-ubwoko / p-ubwoko) 10⁻³ ~ 10²
Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) 10⁶ (igice cya kabiri) ~ 10⁻³
Indium Fosifide (InP) 10⁴ ~ 10⁻²

5. Umwanzuro

Kurwanya ntabwo birenze ibintu bifatika-ni ikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku mikorere no kwizerwa by’ibikoresho bya semiconductor. Kuri Lumispot, duhindura uburyo bwo kurwanya ibintu binyuze mu guhitamo ibikoresho, tekinoroji ya doping, hamwe no kugenzura uburyo bunoze kugirango ibikoresho byacu bitange umusaruro ushimishije kandi ukora neza murwego runini rwa porogaramu.

6. Ibyerekeye Twebwe

Lumispot kabuhariwe mugutezimbere no gukora ibyuma bikora cyane bya semiconductor laseri nibikoresho bya optoelectronic. Twunvise uruhare rukomeye ibipimo bifatika nkibirwanya bigira uruhare mubikorwa byibicuruzwa. Twandikire kugirango umenye byinshi kubijyanye no kugenzura kurwanya, ibikoresho bya semiconductor byabigenewe, hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera cya laser gikwiranye nibyo ukeneye.